What are the Functional Consequences of Microglial Activation?
The functional consequences of microglial activation are highly context-dependent:
1. Neuroprotection: Activated microglia can secrete neurotrophic factors that support neuron survival and promote tissue repair. 2. Inflammation: Pro-inflammatory microglia release cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can exacerbate neuroinflammation and potentially lead to neuronal damage. 3. Phagocytosis: Activated microglia exhibit enhanced phagocytic activity, clearing cellular debris and apoptotic cells.
