ATF6 stands for Activating Transcription Factor 6, a crucial protein involved in the cellular Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). It plays a significant role in maintaining Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) homeostasis, especially under conditions of stress caused by the accumulation of misfolded proteins. ATF6 is a key player in the adaptive response to ER stress, helping cells to survive and function properly.