What Techniques are Used in Histological Examination?
Several histological techniques are used to examine brain biopsy samples:
Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining: This is the most common staining technique, providing a general overview of the tissue's architecture and cellular details. Immunohistochemistry (IHC): This technique uses antibodies to detect specific antigens in the tissue, helping to identify the presence of particular proteins or pathogens. Special stains: Techniques like Gram stain for bacteria, Ziehl-Neelsen stain for mycobacteria, and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain for fungi are used to identify specific infectious agents. Electron microscopy: This offers a high-resolution view of the tissue at the ultrastructural level, useful in diagnosing rare or complex conditions.
