There are several types of cancer immunotherapy, each with its own mechanism of action:
Checkpoint Inhibitors: These drugs block proteins that prevent T cells from attacking cancer cells. Common examples include PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and CTLA-4 inhibitors. CAR-T Cell Therapy: This involves modifying a patient's T cells to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that specifically targets cancer cells. Cancer Vaccines: These vaccines stimulate the immune system to attack cancer cells by presenting tumor-specific antigens. Adoptive Cell Transfer: This technique involves extracting immune cells from a patient, activating or modifying them in the lab, and then reintroducing them into the patient.
