One of the primary challenges in studying Nek2 kinase is the complexity of its regulatory mechanisms and the diverse range of substrates it phosphorylates. Furthermore, the dynamic changes in Nek2 activity during the cell cycle require precise timing and synchronization in experimental setups. Specificity and sensitivity of antibodies used in IHC and other assays can also pose challenges, necessitating rigorous validation to ensure accurate results. Despite these challenges, ongoing research continues to uncover the multifaceted roles of Nek2 kinase in cellular processes and disease pathology.