Several techniques are employed for biomarker analysis in histology:
Immunohistochemistry (IHC): This technique uses antibodies to detect specific antigens in tissue sections. It is widely used to identify protein expression patterns. In Situ Hybridization (ISH): This method detects specific nucleic acid sequences within tissue sections, useful for identifying gene expression and genetic mutations. Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH): A variation of ISH, FISH uses fluorescent probes to detect specific DNA sequences, often used in cancer diagnosis. Mass Spectrometry (MS): This technique can be combined with histology to analyze protein expression and post-translational modifications. Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS): NGS provides comprehensive genomic information that can be correlated with histological findings.
