The presence of fatty casts in urine is a significant diagnostic indicator. They are most commonly associated with nephrotic syndrome, a condition characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. Fatty casts may also be seen in other renal conditions such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), membranous nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. Their detection necessitates further investigation to determine the underlying renal pathology and guide appropriate treatment.
