Treg development begins in the thymus, where precursor cells are exposed to self-antigens. This exposure leads to the expression of FoxP3 and the differentiation of these cells into functional Tregs. The process involves interactions with thymic epithelial cells and dendritic cells, which provide the necessary signals for Treg lineage commitment. In the periphery, additional differentiation and expansion of Tregs can occur in response to specific antigens and cytokine environments.
