What are the metabolic alterations in the TME that lead to immunosuppression?
Metabolic alterations within the TME can create an inhospitable environment for immune cells. For example, cancer cells often exhibit increased glycolysis, leading to an accumulation of lactic acid, which lowers the pH of the TME. This acidic environment can impair the function of immune cells. Additionally, nutrient depletion, such as reduced glucose and amino acids, can starve immune cells, further decreasing their efficacy.
