There are several types of cytokines, each with distinct roles:
Interleukins (ILs): These are primarily produced by leukocytes and play crucial roles in the immune system. Examples include IL-1, IL-2, and IL-6. Interferons (IFNs): These cytokines have antiviral activities and can regulate the immune response. Types include IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ. Tumor Necrosis Factors (TNFs): These are involved in systemic inflammation and can induce apoptotic cell death. TNF-α is a well-known example. Chemokines: These small cytokines induce chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells, guiding the movement of immune cells to infection sites. Colony-Stimulating Factors (CSFs): These stimulate the production of blood cells in the bone marrow. Examples include G-CSF and M-CSF.
