Vectors can be broadly categorized into viral and non-viral vectors.
1. Viral Vectors: These include retroviruses, lentiviruses, adenoviruses, and adeno-associated viruses. Viral vectors are highly efficient at delivering genetic material but may pose risks such as immune responses or insertional mutagenesis. 2. Non-Viral Vectors: These involve plasmids, liposomes, and nanoparticles. They are generally safer but less efficient in gene transfer compared to viral vectors.
