What are the Common Techniques for Protein Purification?

Several techniques are employed to purify proteins, each with its unique advantages and limitations:

1. Chromatography: This is the most widely used method, which includes various types such as affinity chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography.
2. Electrophoresis: Techniques like SDS-PAGE and native PAGE are used to separate proteins based on their size and charge.
3. Centrifugation: Different centrifugation methods, such as ultracentrifugation, can separate proteins based on their density.
4. Precipitation: Chemical agents such as ammonium sulfate are used to precipitate proteins out of solution.