What are Common Histological Signs of Organ Damage?
- Inflammation: Presence of inflammatory cells like neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages. - Necrosis: Dead cells with loss of membrane integrity and nuclear changes such as karyolysis, karyorrhexis, and pyknosis. - Fibrosis: Excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components, particularly collagen. - Atrophy: Reduction in cell size and number, often seen in chronic ischemia or disuse. - Hypertrophy: Increase in cell size, which can lead to organ enlargement as seen in hypertensive heart disease.
