BPA is known to exert estrogenic effects by mimicking the hormone estrogen, thereby binding to estrogen receptors in cells. This interaction can disrupt normal cellular function and lead to alterations in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Studies have shown that BPA can affect various cellular structures, including the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. Such disruptions can compromise cellular integrity and function, potentially leading to pathological conditions.