Histological techniques are fundamental in studying keratinocyte apoptosis. TUNEL assay (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) is a common method used to detect DNA fragmentation, a hallmark of apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry can be employed to visualize the expression of apoptotic markers such as cleaved caspase-3 and Bax. Additionally, electron microscopy can provide detailed images of apoptotic morphological changes, such as cell shrinkage and membrane blebbing.
