The diagnosis of B cell malignancies typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and histological examination. Key diagnostic steps include:
1. Peripheral Blood Smear: This test can reveal abnormal B cells circulating in the blood. 2. Flow Cytometry: This technique analyzes the expression of cell surface markers to identify malignant B cells. 3. Genetic Testing: Molecular studies can detect genetic abnormalities associated with B cell malignancies, such as translocations and gene mutations. 4. Lymph Node Biopsy: A biopsy of affected lymph nodes can provide a definitive diagnosis, especially for lymphomas.
