Why is Xanthine Oxidase Important in Disease Pathology?
Xanthine oxidase is implicated in the pathology of several diseases due to its role in generating ROS. Elevated levels of ROS can cause damage to cellular structures, proteins, lipids, and DNA. In conditions such as gout, elevated uric acid levels, a product of xanthine oxidase activity, lead to the formation of urate crystals in joints, causing inflammation and pain. Additionally, in cardiovascular diseases, oxidative stress from xanthine oxidase can contribute to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.
