1. Enzyme Activity: Many enzymes require a specific pH to function optimally. Deviations can lead to enzyme denaturation or altered activity, impacting cellular metabolism and tissue function. 2. Ion Transport: The transport of ions across cell membranes is heavily influenced by pH. For example, the activity of sodium-potassium pumps and other ion channels can be affected by changes in pH. 3. Cell Signaling: pH can influence cell signaling pathways, which are crucial for tissue development, repair, and homeostasis. 4. Structural Integrity: The structure and function of proteins, including those forming the extracellular matrix, can be pH-dependent.
