LTD is essential for various cognitive functions, including learning and memory. It is thought to contribute to the fine-tuning of neural circuits by weakening less active synapses, thereby enhancing the contrast between stronger and weaker synaptic inputs. LTD is also involved in synaptic pruning during development, which is crucial for the maturation of neural networks. Additionally, LTD has been implicated in motor learning and the adaptation of motor responses, particularly within the cerebellum.
