miRNAs have significant clinical implications. Dysregulation of miRNAs is associated with various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. In cancer, specific miRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. For example, miR-21 is often upregulated in various cancers and is associated with tumor growth and metastasis. miRNAs also hold potential as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis, and as therapeutic targets. For instance, miRNA-based therapies are being explored to either inhibit over-expressed miRNAs or replace under-expressed miRNAs in disease conditions.
