Changes in the N:C ratio can be indicative of various pathologies:
Cancer: A significantly increased N:C ratio is a hallmark of many cancers. This is due to the increased nuclear material required for the rapid cell division characteristic of malignant cells. Infections: Certain infections can alter the N:C ratio. For example, viral infections may lead to an increased N:C ratio as the virus hijacks the cell's machinery. Degenerative Diseases: Some degenerative diseases might show a decrease in the N:C ratio as cells lose their functionality and cytoplasm.
