There are several isoforms of the NHE, each encoded by different genes and exhibiting unique tissue distribution and functional roles. The well-known isoforms include NHE1, NHE2, NHE3, and NHE4. For instance, NHE1 is ubiquitously expressed and is critical for maintaining pH in most cell types, while NHE3 is primarily found in the renal and intestinal epithelia, where it is involved in sodium and fluid absorption.
