GSTs are classified into several classes based on their sequence homology and substrate specificity. The main classes include Alpha, Mu, Pi, Theta, and Zeta. Each class has multiple isoforms that are differentially expressed in various tissues. For example, GSTP1 (Pi class) is predominantly expressed in the liver and is involved in the detoxification of chemotherapy agents, while GSTA1 (Alpha class) is found in the kidney and plays a role in protecting against lipid peroxidation.
