Microtubule nucleation is tightly regulated by several mechanisms:
Post-translational modifications: Phosphorylation, acetylation, and other modifications of tubulin and associated proteins can influence nucleation. Microtubule-associated proteins: MAPs such as tau and MAP2 can promote or inhibit microtubule stabilization and elongation. Cell cycle regulation: Microtubule nucleation activity varies throughout the cell cycle, with increased activity during mitosis to form the mitotic spindle.
