The grading and staging of cancer are critical for determining prognosis and treatment strategies.
Grading: Histological grading assesses the degree of differentiation of cancer cells. Lower-grade tumors resemble normal tissue more closely, while higher-grade tumors are more undifferentiated and aggressive. Staging: Staging describes the extent of cancer spread. The TNM system (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) is commonly used, where T describes the size and extent of the primary tumor, N indicates lymph node involvement, and M denotes the presence of metastasis.
