The process begins with the secretion of the osteoid by osteoblasts, which is an unmineralized organic matrix composed primarily of type I collagen. Following this, mineralization occurs in two stages:
Primary Mineralization: This is the rapid deposition of minerals within the first few days, reaching about 70% of the final mineral content. Secondary Mineralization: This phase can last for several months, gradually filling in the remaining gaps with mineral deposits to reach full mineral density.
