The synthesis of plasma proteins involves several steps:
1. Transcription: The process begins with the transcription of genes encoding plasma proteins into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus of the cell. 2. Translation: The mRNA is then transported to the cytoplasm where it is translated by ribosomes attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). During translation, amino acids are assembled into polypeptide chains according to the sequence encoded by the mRNA. 3. Post-translational Modifications: These polypeptide chains undergo folding and various post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation and phosphorylation, within the ER and the Golgi apparatus. 4. Secretion: Finally, the mature plasma proteins are packaged into vesicles and transported to the cell membrane, from where they are secreted into the bloodstream.
