Mutations in the TSC2 gene can affect a wide range of tissues, leading to the formation of hamartomas or benign tumors. Commonly affected tissues include the brain, where cortical tubers and subependymal nodules may form, and the skin, where lesions such as angiofibromas and hypomelanotic macules are observed. Renal tissues can develop angiomyolipomas, while cardiac tissues may exhibit rhabdomyomas.