What Techniques are Used for Protein Identification?
Several techniques are used for protein identification in histology:
1. Immunohistochemistry (IHC): This technique uses antibodies to detect specific proteins in tissue sections. The antibodies bind to the protein of interest, and a colorimetric or fluorescent marker is used to visualize the protein under a microscope.
2. Western Blotting: Although primarily used for protein identification in cell lysates, it can also be applied to tissue samples. Proteins are separated by electrophoresis, transferred to a membrane, and detected using specific antibodies.
3. Mass Spectrometry: This technique identifies proteins by measuring the mass-to-charge ratio of their ionized particles. It provides detailed information about the protein's structure and post-translational modifications.
4. In Situ Hybridization (ISH): This technique detects specific nucleic acid sequences within tissue sections, indirectly identifying proteins by targeting their mRNA transcripts.
