What Techniques are Used for Label-Free Detection?

There are several advanced techniques used for label-free detection in histology:

1. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): This technique uses light waves to capture micrometer-resolution, three-dimensional images from within biological tissues. It is particularly useful for imaging the retina and skin.
2. Raman Spectroscopy: This technique measures the inelastic scattering of photons, providing a molecular fingerprint of the tissue. It is highly specific and can differentiate between different types of cells and tissues.
3. Second Harmonic Generation (SHG): This nonlinear optical process allows for imaging of non-centrosymmetric structures, such as collagen fibers, without the need for labeling.
4. Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS): This is another form of vibrational spectroscopy that provides high-resolution, label-free imaging of lipids and other biomolecules.
5. Multiphoton Microscopy: By using multiple photons of lower energy, this technique can image deeper into tissues with less photodamage, making it suitable for live tissue imaging.