1. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E): This is the most common stain used in histology. It provides a general overview of tissue architecture and is often the first step in evaluating a transplant.
2. Immunohistochemistry (IHC): IHC is used to identify specific cell types and proteins, helping to distinguish between donor and recipient cells. For example, specific antibodies can highlight immune cells involved in rejection or GVHD.
3. Special Stains: Depending on the tissue type and suspected pathology, special stains such as Masson's Trichrome for fibrosis or Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) for basement membranes may be employed.
