Staining is a pivotal chemical method that enhances tissue contrast by adding color to specific structures. This process makes cellular components more distinguishable under a microscope. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) is the most widely used staining technique, where hematoxylin stains nuclei blue, and eosin stains cytoplasm and extracellular matrix pink. Other specialized stains, like Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson's Trichrome, target specific tissue components like carbohydrates and collagen, respectively.
