In histology, FGFs are pivotal in several contexts:
- Cell Proliferation: FGFs are potent mitogens for various cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. They stimulate cell division and proliferation, which is fundamental in tissue growth and repair.
- Differentiation: FGFs influence the differentiation of stem cells and progenitor cells into specialized cell types. For instance, FGF2 is critical for the differentiation of neural progenitor cells into neurons and glial cells.
- Angiogenesis: FGFs, particularly FGF2, are major promoters of angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones. This is crucial for supplying nutrients and oxygen to growing tissues and during wound healing.
- Tissue Repair and Regeneration: FGFs are involved in the repair and regeneration of tissues following injury. They promote the migration and proliferation of cells to the site of injury, aiding in the regeneration of damaged tissues.
