The Golgi stain, also known as the "black reaction," is a histological technique developed by Camillo Golgi that allows for the detailed visualization of individual neurons. This method uses silver nitrate to stain a limited number of cells in their entirety, making it possible to observe the complex structures of neurons, including their dendrites and axons. The Golgi stain was revolutionary because it enabled scientists to study the fine details of neuronal structure for the first time.