Col4a4, along with other alpha chains of Collagen Type IV, forms a mesh-like structure that provides mechanical strength and flexibility to the basement membrane. It also acts as a scaffold for the attachment of cells and other extracellular matrix components, facilitating various cellular processes such as adhesion, migration, and differentiation. In the kidney, Col4a4 is critical for the filtration function of the glomerulus, preventing the leakage of proteins and other macromolecules into the urine.
