Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) encompass a group of hematological conditions characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and varying degrees of cytopenias. Among these, MDS with Single Lineage Dysplasia (MDS-SLD) involves dysplasia in only one of the three major hematopoietic lineages: erythroid, granulocytic, or megakaryocytic. This subtype is crucial to diagnose accurately for targeted treatment and prognosis.