Gastroscopy, combined with histological examination, can diagnose a wide range of conditions:
- Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining, which can be identified by the presence of inflammatory cells. - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Chronic reflux can lead to changes in the esophageal lining, detectable histologically. - Celiac Disease: Characterized by villous atrophy in the small intestine, which can be confirmed through biopsy. - Gastric and Esophageal Cancer: Malignant cells and structural changes in the tissue architecture can be identified through histological examination. - Infections: The presence of pathogens like Helicobacter pylori can be confirmed through special stains or IHC.