Several factors can lead to poikilocytosis. These include:
1. Nutritional Deficiencies: Deficiencies in vitamins such as vitamin B12 and folate can result in abnormal RBC shapes. 2. Genetic Disorders: Conditions like _sickle cell anemia_ and _thalassemia_ contribute to the formation of poikilocytes. 3. Bone Marrow Disorders: Diseases such as _myelodysplastic syndrome_ can cause the bone marrow to produce abnormally shaped RBCs. 4. External Factors: Exposure to certain toxins or severe infections may induce poikilocytosis.
