Despite its widespread use, PCNA staining has some limitations:
Specificity: PCNA is not exclusively expressed during the S-phase of the cell cycle, meaning it can also be present during other phases, which might lead to overestimation of cell proliferation. Technical Variability: Variations in tissue preparation, antibody specificity, and staining protocols can affect the results. Interpretation: The interpretation of PCNA staining requires expertise to differentiate between specific and non-specific staining.
