Several factors can lead to goblet cell hyperplasia: - Chronic Inflammation: Conditions such as chronic bronchitis or inflammatory bowel disease can induce hyperplasia. - Infections: Persistent infection by pathogens like Helicobacter pylori can result in increased goblet cell numbers. - Allergies: Allergic reactions, particularly in the respiratory tract, can stimulate goblet cell proliferation. - Chemical Irritants: Exposure to irritants like smoke or pollutants can cause this condition.