Chatter artifacts are primarily caused by issues during the microtomy process, where tissue sections are cut using a microtome. Various factors contribute to the creation of these artifacts:
Blade Issues: A dull or damaged microtome blade can cause inconsistent cutting, leading to chatter artifacts. Cutting Speed: Cutting tissue sections too quickly can cause vibrations that result in chatter lines. Tissue Hardness: Overly hard or inadequately processed tissues can create resistance during cutting, leading to chatter. Block Orientation: Incorrect orientation of the tissue block can exacerbate the occurrence of chatter artifacts.