Roots consist of several key tissue types, each with specific functions:
Epidermis: The outermost layer of cells, responsible for protection and absorption. Cortex: A multilayered zone beneath the epidermis, involved in storage and transport of nutrients. Endodermis: A single layer of cells that regulates the flow of materials into the vascular system. Pericycle: A layer of cells just inside the endodermis, playing a role in the formation of lateral roots. Vascular tissues: Includes xylem and phloem, responsible for the transport of water, nutrients, and food.
