The biosynthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol is tightly regulated by several mechanisms:
Allosteric Regulation: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase is activated by citrate and inhibited by palmitoyl-CoA. Hormonal Regulation: Insulin promotes fatty acid synthesis, while glucagon inhibits it. Gene Expression: Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) control the expression of enzymes involved in cholesterol synthesis.
