In BPH, histological examination typically reveals an increase in the number of epithelial and stromal cells within the prostate. The glandular elements show hyperplasia with crowding of the acini, and the stromal component exhibits increased smooth muscle and fibrous tissue. The epithelial cells lining the glands are usually benign, with a well-preserved basal cell layer, which is a key feature distinguishing BPH from prostate cancer.
