Membrane-associated mucins are part of a larger family of mucins that include both secreted and membrane-bound forms. They are primarily found on the apical surface of epithelial cells in various tissues, including the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive tracts. These mucins are distinguished by their transmembrane domains, which anchor them to the cell membrane, and their cytoplasmic tails, which can participate in intracellular signaling.