There are several mechanisms by which epigenetic changes can occur:
DNA Methylation: The addition of methyl groups to DNA molecules, typically at cytosine bases in CpG dinucleotides, leading to the repression of gene activity. Histone Modification: The addition or removal of chemical groups to histone proteins, which can impact the way DNA is wrapped around these proteins and thus regulate gene expression. Non-coding RNAs: RNA molecules that do not code for proteins but can regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.
