How is the Renal Tubule Structured Histologically?
The renal tubule is a complex structure divided into several segments, each with distinct histological features. The proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) has a brush border of microvilli, increasing its absorptive surface area. The loop of Henle, with its descending and ascending limbs, lacks a brush border and plays a key role in concentrating urine. The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) has fewer microvilli and is involved in the regulation of sodium, potassium, and pH. The collecting duct, lined with principal and intercalated cells, finalizes urine composition and transports it to the renal pelvis.
