Limited bioactivity can be assessed using a variety of in vitro and in vivo assays:
Cell Culture Studies: Observing cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation on the material. Protein Adsorption Tests: Measuring the amount and type of proteins that adsorb to the material surface. Histological Analysis: Examining tissue responses at the microscopic level. Animal Models: Studying the integration and functionality of materials in living organisms.
