In histological studies, CHEK2 expression and activity can be examined using various techniques such as immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blotting, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). IHC allows for the localization of CHEK2 within tissue sections, providing spatial context to its expression. Western blotting can quantify CHEK2 protein levels, while FISH can detect genetic alterations in the CHEK2 gene.