FACS works by first labeling cells with fluorescent antibodies that bind to specific cell surface markers. The cells are then passed through a laser beam in a flow cytometer. As each cell passes through the laser, it scatters light and emits fluorescence that is characteristic of the bound antibodies. These signals are collected by detectors, enabling the identification and quantification of different cell types. The cells are then sorted by applying an electric charge, which directs them into different collection tubes based on their fluorescent characteristics.
